Solving the development of medium and large motors in China

Guidance: Many industry sources told reporters that the current large-scale high-efficiency motors mainly have two problems: first, the lack of scientific basis for the regulations on the efficiency of high-efficiency motors, and second, the third-party detection of efficiency because of the large amount of motors can not be implemented, and Consumers simply cannot determine whether the motor efficiency has actually reached the value on the manufacturer's test report.

The energy-saving system of the motor system is listed as one of the ten key energy-saving projects in the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan” in China, and is a key area of ​​the national energy-saving and emission reduction work. In March of this year, the Ministry of Finance and the National Development and Reform Commission confirmed at the national conference on the promotion of high-efficiency motors that in 2011 the national promotion task for high-efficiency motors was 31.77 million kilowatts, accounting for approximately 30% of the total domestic motor sales. Among them, 20 million kilowatts of low-voltage high-efficiency motors, 10 million kilowatts of high-voltage high-efficiency motors, and 1.77 million kilowatts of rare earth permanent-magnet motors.

However, in recent days, companies and industry experts have reported to the “China Energy News” reporter that there are many problems in the promotion of large-scale and high-efficiency motors (355kw-25000kw) in China, including many questions about the accuracy of efficiency tests and the volume of motor products that meet the high efficiency standards. Large but not conducive to the expansion of China's overseas motor market. The reporter conducted a survey interview.

The "high-efficiency" helium "high-efficiency motor is first proposed by the American Electrical Manufacturers Association, but it only stipulates motors with power below 367 KW. For high-capacity high-voltage motors, there is no country in the world and any standard tries to establish a high-efficiency motor. Series, "said an industry authoritative source who declined to be named.

A number of industry sources told reporters that large-scale high-efficiency motors currently have two major problems: First, the lack of scientific basis for the efficiency of high-efficiency motors, and second, the third-party detection of efficiency can not be implemented because of the large number of motors, and consumers It is impossible to determine whether the motor efficiency has actually reached the value on the manufacturer's test report.

According to report, although most manufacturers will establish standard series of large-capacity asynchronous motors, due to the diversification of large-scale equipment types and the particularity of operating conditions, it is rare for actual users to directly use standard series motors, even for the same power level. For large motors, users often have very different performance requirements for motors when actually ordering, and most orders require non-standard designs. Relatively speaking, small motors are easy to serialize and generalize, and these problems do not exist. To determine whether large motors meet the requirements of high-efficiency motors, most motors must be tested for efficiency every time. At present, the test value of motor efficiency is generally determined by the enterprise itself. The state does not have all the conditions for commissioning third parties to measure high-efficiency motors.

“We used a site to see a two-pole motor with a high-efficiency motor design. A small motor-driven blower at the top was used to replace the fan on the motor rotor. However, when calculating the motor efficiency, they did not account for the blower motor losses. This high-efficiency motor is obviously only a paper on the high efficiency." An industry expert in China told reporters.

"Efficient motor efficiency calculation methods are not strictly regulated, and many users are also skeptical about the actual efficiency value that the motor can achieve." The above-mentioned sources said.

As far as manufacturing technology is concerned, Huang Guozhi, a professor-level senior engineer at Shanghai Institute of Electrical Engineering, told reporters that the motor design technology is very mature. To increase motor efficiency, it is only possible to increase the amount of effective materials such as copper and iron in order to achieve a reduction in motor copper. Loss, iron loss purposes. Large-capacity motors have a small proportion of their power consumption, and their motor efficiency is already very high. The effect of increasing the motor efficiency by increasing the amount of material is not obvious. "The result of this is often that the motor has increased in size and weight. However, the improvement of efficiency is only a few to one percentage point," said Huang Guozhi.

What is the subsidy?

A few days ago, the National Development and Reform Commission announced on its website the third batch of high-efficiency motor promotion catalogs for the “energy-saving products Huimin Project”. Xiangdian, Jiangte Motors, and Fangzheng Motor were short-listed. In addition, Shanghai Electric Machinery Factory and Jiadian, which will backdoor ST Jiaji, are also among the list. According to the announcement of the National Development and Reform Commission, there are a total of 34 companies that have been shortlisted. The final product categories include low-voltage, high-voltage three-phase asynchronous motors and rare earth permanent magnet three-phase synchronous motors. The total number of short-listed permanent magnets is 677, 8760 and 459 respectively.

“Now all manufacturers have to push large-scale and high-efficiency motors, otherwise companies may be banned in the competition of some projects. If others push high-efficiency motors to get subsidies for users in the end, and we do not have, our market share Will certainly be affected." The head of the technical department of a motor factory told reporters.

The person in charge of the company also showed the “Specifications for large-scale asynchronous high-efficiency motor application” table to the reporter. The table contains a total of more than 100 large-scale high-efficiency motors. The rated voltage is divided into two types: 6000V and 10000V. The rated power of the motor is From 355KW to 25000KW.

It is understood that the average price of high-voltage low-voltage motors below 22 kilowatts is around 220 yuan per kilowatt, which is 20%-40% higher than that of ordinary electric motors. To achieve the goal of promoting efficient motors, the Ministry of Finance and the National Development and Reform Commission jointly announced that they will promote high-efficiency motors by increasing financial subsidies, and subsidize 58 yuan and 31 yuan per kilowatt respectively for users who purchase low-voltage and high-efficiency motors. For users who purchase high-voltage high-efficiency motors, the per-kilowatt subsidy is 26 yuan; for users who purchase rare-earth permanent-magnet permanent magnet motors, the per-kilowatt subsidy is 100 yuan. At the same time, the two departments also decided to strictly evaluate the system, the new project must all use high-efficiency motors and other energy-saving equipment and products.

"The larger the number of kilowatts produced by a company, the more subsidies there are. Although the money is returned to consumers, it has played a role in helping enterprises to occupy the market to a certain extent. So long as the country has a high-efficiency motor subsidy policy for medium and large-sized high-voltage motors. The manufacturers of these motors must change their existing series to high-efficiency motors," said an expert who declined to be named. "Many high-voltage motor manufacturers have recently produced a large number of high-voltage motor efficiency tests. The report also illustrates some problems."

Overseas markets may be affected At present, the industry’s biggest concern is that the development of domestic large-scale and high-efficiency motors will have an impact on China’s motor industry’s exports.

It is understood that China is a major motor exporter in the world, and exports account for about 10% of total motor output. In 2007, China’s motor export volume was 25.99 million kW, accounting for 13.0% of the total output; in 2008, the export volume further increased to 28.47 million kW, with the proportion rising to 13.8%; in 2009, the export volume declined significantly. With a total output of 18.61 million kW, the export volume in 2010 basically recovered, reaching the highest level in history, reaching 27,430,000 kW, which is nearly 50% higher than that of 2009, accounting for 11.4% of the total output.

The chairman of the China General Machinery Industry Association Yong Yongbin told reporters, “China’s motor industry has broad prospects for development. Nowadays, in the United States and other developed countries, fewer and fewer companies are engaged in the production of traditional motors. They are turning to importing motors from abroad. This gives China Bringing huge business opportunities. In other words, China may become the manufacturing plant of the world's electric motors in the future. How to increase the international competitiveness of domestic motor manufacturing companies is a key issue we must solve.”

According to an industry expert, “large-scale foreign motors are now moving towards light and simple development, and China’s large-scale and high-efficiency motor exports obviously have no advantage.”

It is understood that after 2000, the world's leading motor manufacturers have introduced their latest series of medium and large-scale high-voltage asynchronous motors. ABB has launched the AMA series. Japanese TMEIC has introduced the TM21 series. The efficiency of these series of motors Most of them fail to reach the specified efficiency values ​​of China's high-efficiency motors, but their common feature is that the motor's volume and weight have significantly decreased compared with their old series products. Compared with our domestic standard series products with the same capacity, the weight of the About 30% lighter, and compared to China's current high-efficiency motor manufacturers, the weight difference is even greater.

"A large volume of high-voltage asynchronous motor unit kilowatts of consumables 7.5 kilograms, China's annual output of high-voltage asynchronous motors to 50 million kilowatts, if reduced by 30% motor weight, then the country can save steel and copper a total of about 112,000 Ton. Motor size and materials greatly exceed foreign motors This severely weakens our international competitiveness in the motor industry. We spend a lot of material may indeed make our medium and large motors more efficient than foreign motors by a few , but foreign users will therefore increase the price to use our motor? The answer is obvious." The above professionals told reporters.

For the development of large-scale and high-efficiency motors, some experts suggest that large-scale motors should adopt a systematic energy-saving route, that is, system optimization and transformation of the entire motor system, such as increasing the frequency converter, the energy-saving effect is very obvious; small motors are firmly The route of high-efficiency motors is promoted, because small-capacity motors can easily increase motor efficiency by a few percent after appropriately increasing the amount of material used.

However, there are also experts who disagree. Xiong Huawen, deputy director of the Energy Efficiency Center of the National Development and Reform Commission’s Energy Efficiency Center, said in an interview with reporters that the country should adopt the principle of “mutually treating” high-efficiency motors. Large-scale and high-efficiency motors are indeed more energy-efficient than ordinary motors, and the state's subsidy policy is also to encourage enterprises to improve technological innovation. force. As for whether to use large-scale and high-efficiency motors, it should be decided by the users and the market. “The current top priority is to establish viable energy efficiency rating systems and standards as for small and medium-sized motors. The relevant departments have already completed the investigation of manufacturers and the formulation of standards will be the next step.”